Set of prayers to Gods
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca
pitāmaha mahāprājña sarvaśāstraviśārada
kiṁ japyaṁ japato nityaṁ bhaved dharmaphalaṁ mahat
Yudhiṣṭhira said:
O grandfather! O you of great wisdom! O you who knows all branches of knowledge! What is that subject of silent recitation by reciting which every day one may win the merit of virtue in a large measure?
prathāne vā praveśe vā pravṛttebvāpi karmaṇi
daive vā śrāddhakāle vā kiṁ japyaṁ karmasādhanam
What is that Mantrafor recitation, which gives success, if recited on the occassion of starting on a journey or entering a new building or at the beginning of any undertaking or on the occassion of sacrifices in honour of the deities or of the manes?
śāntikaṁ pauṣṭikaṁ rakṣā śatrudhnaṁ bhayanāśanam
japyaṁ yad brahmasamitaṁ tad bhavān vaktumarhati
You should tell me what is that Mantra which propitiates all malevolent influences or brings on prosperity or growth or protection from evil or destruction of enemies or dispelling of fears and which at the same time is consistent with the Vedas.
bhīṣma uvāca
vyāsaproktamimaṁ mantraṁ śṛṇuṣvaikamanā nṛpa
sāvitryā vihitaṁ divyaṁ sadyaḥ pāpavimocanam
Bhīṣma said:
Hear, O king, with rapt attention, what is that Mantra, which was declared by Vyāsa. It was ordained by Sāvitrī and is highly excellent. It is capable of purifying a person forthwith of all his sins.
śṛṇu mantravidhiṁ kṛtsnaṁ procyamānaṁ mayā ̍nagha
yaṁ śrutvā pāpaḍavaśreṣṭha sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate
Hear, O sinless one, as I recite to you the ordinances about that Mantra. Indeed, O chief Pāṇḍava, by listening to those ordinances one becomes purged of all his sins.
rātrāvahani dharmajña japan pāpairna lipyate
tat te ̍haṁ sampravakṣyāmi śṛṇuṣvaikamanā nṛpa
One who recites this Mantra day and night becomes never sullied by sin. I shall now declare it to you what that Mantra is. Listen it with rapt attention.
āyuṣmān bhavate caiva yaṁ śrutvā pārthivātmaja
puruṣastu susiddhārthaḥ pretya ceha ca modate
Indeed, the man who hears it becomes gifted with longevity, O prince, sports, and attaining to the fruition of all his desires, sports happily both in this life and in the next.
sevitaṁ satataṁ rājan purā rājarṣisattamaiḥ
kṣatradharmaparairnityaṁ satyavrataparāyaṇaiḥ
This Mantra, O king, was daily recited by the foremost of royal sages performing Kṣatriya duties and steadily observing the vow of truth.
idamāhnikamavyagraṁ kurvadbhirniyataiḥ
nṛpairbharataśārdūla prāpyate śrīranuttamā
Indeed, O foremost of kings, those monarchs who with controlled senses and tranquil soul recite this Mantra every day, succeed in winning unrivalled prosperity.
namo vasiṣṭhāya mahāvratāya
parāśaraṁ vedanidhiṁ namasye
namo ̍stvanantāya mahoragāya
namo ̍stu siddhebhya ihākṣayebhyaḥ
Salutations to Vasiṣṭha of high vows, after having bowed with respect to Parāśara, that ocean of the Vedas, salutation to the great snake Ananta and salutations to all those who are crowned with success and who are of undecaying glory.
namo ̍stvṛṣibhyaḥ paramaṁ pareṣāṁ deveṣu devaṁ varadaṁ varāṇām
sahasraśīrṣāya namaḥ śivāya sahasranāmāya janārdanāya
Salutations to the Ṛṣis and to Him who is the highest of the high, god of gods and the giver of boons to all those who are the foremost. Salutations unto Him of thousand heads. Him who is most auspicious, Him who has a thousand names viz. Janārdana.
ajaikapādahirbudhnyaḥ pinākī cāparājitaḥ
ṛtaśca pitṛrūpaśca tryambakaśca maheśvaraḥ
vṛṣākapiśca śambhuśca havano ̍theśvarastathā
ekādaśaite prathitā rudrāstribhuvaneśvarāḥ
Aja, Ekapāda, Airbudhnya, Pinākin, Ṛta, Pitṛrūpa, 3 eyed Maheśvara, Vṛṣākapi, Śambhu, Havana, Īśvara, these are celebrated 11 Rudras, who are the Lords of all the worlds.
śatametat samāmnataṁ śatarudremahātmanām
aṁśo bhagaśca mitraśca varuṇaśca jaleśvaraḥ
tathā dhārtāyamā caiva jayanto bhāskarastathā
tvaṣṭā pūṣā tathaivendro dvādaśo viṣṇurucyate
ityete dvādaśādityāḥ kāśyapeyā iti śrutiḥ
These 11 highsouled ones have been mentioned as a 100 in Śataruda in the Vedas. Aṁśa, Bhaga, Mitra, Varuṇa, Dhātṛ, Aryamā, Jayanta, Bhāskara, Tvaṣṭṛ, Pūṣan, Indra, Viṣṇu, are said to comprise a tale of 12. These 12 are called Ādityas and they are sons of Kaśyapa as Śruti declares.
dharo dhruvaśca somaśca sāvitro ̍thānilo ̍nalaḥ
pratyūṣaśca prabhāsaśca vasavo ̍ṣṭau prakīrtitāḥ
Dhara, Dhruva, Soma, Sāvitra, Anila, Anala, Pratyuṣa, Prabhāsa are 8 Vasus, named in the scriptures.
nāsatyaścāpi dattaśca smṛtau dvāvaśvināvapi
mārtaṇḍasyātmajāvetau saṁjñānāsāvinirgatau
Nāsatya and Datta are said to be 2 Aśvinīs. They are sons of Martaṇḍa born of his wife Saṁjñā, from whose nostrils they emanated.
ataḥ paraṁ pravakṣyāmi lokānāṁ karmasākṣiṇaḥ
api yajñasya vettāro dattasya sukṛtasya ca
After this I shall recite the names of those who are the witness of all deeds in the worlds. They take notice of all sacrifices, of all gifts, of all good deeds.
adṛśyāḥ sarvabhūteṣu paśyanti tridaśeśvarāḥ
śubhāśubhāni karmāṇi mṛtyuḥ kālaśca sarvaśaḥ
viśvedevāḥ pitṛgaṇā mūrtimantastapodhanāḥ
munayaścaiva siddhāśca tapomokṣaparāyaṇāḥ
Those Lords among the deities see everything although they are invisible. Indeed, they see all the good and bad deeds of all beings. They are Mṛtyu, Kāla, Viśvedevas, Pitṛs having forms, great Ṛṣis having penances as for their wealth and others crowned with success and devoted to penances and liberation.
śucismitāḥ kīrtayatāṁ prayacchanti śubhaṁ nṛṇām
prajāpatikṛtānetāṁllokān divyena tejasā
These of sweet smiles, confer various benefits on those men who recite their names. Indeed, gifted as they are with celestial energy, they confer various regions of happiness created by Grandfather on such a men.
vasanti sarvalokeṣu prayatāḥ sarvakarmasu
prāṇānāmīśvarānetān kīrtayan prayato naraḥ
They live in all the worlds and attentively mark all deeds. By reciting the names of those Lords of all living creatures, one always becomes gifted with righteousness and wealth and enjoyments in profusion.
dharmārthakāmairvipulairyujyate saha nityaśaḥ
lokāṁśca labhate puṇyān viśveśvarakṛtāñchubhān
One acquires hereafter diverse regions of auspiciousness and happiness created by the Lord of the universe.
ete devāstrayastriṁśat sarvabhūtagaṇeśvarāḥ
nandīśvaro mahākāyo grāmaṇīrvṛṣadhvajaḥ
īśvarāḥ sarvalokānāṁ gaṇeśvaravināyakāḥ
saumyā raudrā gaṇāścaiva yogabhūtagaṇāstathā
jyotīṁṣi sarito vyoma suparṇaḥ patageśvaraḥ
pṛthivyāṁ tapasā siddhāḥ sthāvarāśca carāśca ha
himavān girayaḥ sarve catvāraśca mahārṇavāḥ
bhavasyānucarāścaiva haratulyaparākramāḥ
viṣṇurdevo ̍tha jiṇṇuśca skandaścāmbikayā saha
kīrtayan prayataḥ sarvān sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate
These 33 Deities, who are Lords of all beings, as also Nandīśvara of huge body and that preeminent one who has the bull for the emblem on his banner and those masters of all the worlds viz. the followers and associates of Gaṇeśvara and those called Saumyas and those called Raudras and those called Yogas and those who are known as Bhūtas and luminaries in the firmament, Rivers, sky, Garuḍa, all those on the Earth who have become crowned with success on account of their penances and who are existing in immobile or mobile form, Himavat, all the mountains, 4 Oceans, followers and companions of Bhava, who are gifted with prowess equal to that of Bhava himself, illustrious and ever victorious Viṣṇu, Skanda, Ambikā, these are the great souls by reciting whose names with controlled senses one becomes purged of all his sins.
ata ūrdhvaṁ pravakṣyāmi mānavānṛṣisattavān
yavakrītaśca raibhyaśca arvāvasuparāvasū
auśijaścaiva kakṣīvān balaścāṅgirasaḥ sutaḥ
ṛṣirmedhātitheḥ putraḥ kaṇvo barhiṣadastathā
Afer this, I shall recite the names of those foremost of Ṛṣis who are known as Mānavas. They are Yavakrīt, Raibhya, Arvāvasu, Parāvasu, Auśija, Kakṣivān, Bala the son of Aṅgirasa. Then is Kaṇva the son of Ṛṣi Medhātithi and Barhiṣada.
brahmatejomayāḥ sarve kīrtitā lokabhāvanāḥ
labhante hi śubhaṁ sarve rudrānalavasuprabhāḥ
All these are gifted with the energy of Brahman and have been spoken of as creators of the universe. They have originated from Rudra, Anala, Vasus. By reciting their names people get great benefits.
bhuvi kṛtvā śubhaṁ karma modante divi daivataiḥ
mahendraguravaḥ sapta prācīṁ vai diśamāśritāḥ
Indeed, by doing good deeds on the Earth, people sport happily in celestial region with celestials. These Ṛṣis are the priests of Indra. They live in the East.
prayataḥ kīrtayedetāñśakraloke mahīyate
That man who with rapt attention recites the names of these Ṛṣis, succeeds in ascending to the regions of Indra and gets great honours there.
unmucuḥpramucuścaiva svastyātreyaśca vīryavān
dṛḍhavyaścordhvabāhuśca tṛṇasomāṅgirāstathā
mitrāvaruṇayoḥ putrastathāgastyaḥ pratāpavān
dharmarājartvijaḥ sapta dakṣiṇāṁ diśamāśritāḥ
Unmucu, Pramucu, Svastyātreya of great energy, Dṛdhavya, Ūrdhvabāhu, Tṛṇasoma, Aṅgirasa, Agastya of great energy, son of Mitravaruṇa, these 7 are Ṛtvijas of Yama, the king of the dead and live in the Southern quarter.
dṛḍheyuśca ṛteyuśca parivyādhaśca kīrtimān
ekataśca dvitaścaiva tritaścādityasaṁnibhāḥ
atreḥ putraśca dharmātmā ṛṣiḥ sārasvatastathā
varuṇasyartvijaḥ sapta paścimāṁ diśamāśritāḥ
Dṛḍheyu, Ṛteyu, Parivyādha, Ekata, Dvita, Trita, the last three are gifted with solar effulgence and Atri ̍s son of righteous soul, viz. Ṛṣi Sārasvata, these 7 who had acted as Ṛtvijas in the great sacrifice of Varuṇa, have taken up their abodes in the Western quarter.
atrirvasiṣṭho bhagavān kaśyapaśca mahānṛṣiḥ
gautamaśca bharadvājo viśvāmitro ̍tha kauśikaḥ
ṛcīkatanayaścogro jamadagniḥ pratāpavān
dhaneśvarasya guravaḥ saptaite uttarāśritāḥ
Atri, Vasiṣṭha, Ṛṣi Kaśyapa, Gautama, Bharadvāja, Viśvāmitra the son of Kauśika and Ṛcīka ̍s fierce and energetic son Jamadagni, these 7 are Ṛtvijas of the Lord of treasures and live in the Northern quarter.
apare munayaḥ sapta dikṣu sarvāsvadhiṣṭhitāḥ
kirītistastikarā nṛṇāṁ kīrtitā lokabhāvanāḥ
There are 7 other Ṛṣis who live in all directions without being confined to any particular one. They who give fame and of all that is beneficial to men and they have been sung as the creators of the worlds.
dharmaḥ kāmaśca kālaśca vasurvāsukireva ca
anantaḥ kapilaścaiva saptaite dharaṇīdharāḥ
Dharma, Kāma, Kāla, Vasu, Vāsuki, Ananta, Kapila, these 7 are the upholders of the world.
rāmo vyāsastathā drauṇiraśvatthāmā ca lomaśaḥ
ityete munayo divyā ekaikaḥ sapta saptadhā
Rāma, Vyāsa, son of Droṇa Aśvatthāmā are other Ṛṣis. These are great Ṛṣis as divided into 7 groups, each group consisting of 7.
śāntisvastikarā loke diśāṁpālāḥ prakīrtitāḥ
yasyāṁ yasyāṁ diśi hyete tanmukhaḥ śaraṇaṁ vrajet
They are the creators of that peace and good wich men enjoy. They are said to be the Regents of the quarters. One should turn his face to that direction in which one of these Ṛṣis live if one desires to adore him.
sraṣṭāraḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ kīrtitā lokapāvanāḥ
saṁvarto merusāvarṇo mārkaṇḍeyaśca dhārmikaḥ
saṁkhyapogau nāradaśca durvāsāśca mahānṛṣiḥ
atyantatapaso dāntāstriṣu lokeṣu viśrutāḥ
Those Ṛṣis are the creators of all creatures and have been considered as the purifiers of all. Saṁvarta, Merusāvarṇa, Mārkaṇḍeya, Sāṅkhya, Yoga, Nārada and Durvāsā Ṛṣi, these are gifted with severe penances and great self control and are celebrated over the 3 worlds.
apare rudrasaṁkāśāḥ kīrtitā brahmalaukikāḥ
aputro labhate putraṁ daridro labhate dhanam
There are others who are equal to Rudra himself. They live in the region of Brahman. By naming them with respect a sonless man obtains a son and a poor man acquires riches.
tathā dharmārthakāmeṣu siddhiṁ ca labhate naraḥ
pṛthuṁ vainyaṁ nṛpavaraṁ pṛthvī yasyābhavat sutā
prajāpatiṁ sārvabhaumaṁ kīrtayed vasudhādhipam
ādityavaṁśaprabhavaṁ mahendrasamavikramam
Indeed, by naming them, one acquires success in religion and wealth and pleasure. One should also take the name of that celebrated king, who was Emperor of all the Earth and was equal to Prajāpati viz. that foremost of kings, Pṛthu the son of Vena. Earth became his daughter. One should also name Purūravas of the Solar race and equal to Mahendra himself in power.
purūravasamailaṁ ca triṣu lokeṣu viśrutam
budhasya dayitaṁ putraṁ kīrtayed vasudhādhipam
He was the son of Ilā and celebrated over the 3 worlds. One should, indeed, take the name of that dear son of Budha.
trilokaviśrutaṁ vīraṁ bharataṁ ca prakīrtayet
gavāmayena yajñena yeneṣṭhaṁ vai kṛte yuge
rantidevaṁ mahādevaṁ kīrtayet paramadyutim
viśrvajittapasopetaṁ lakṣaṇyaṁ lokapūjitam
One should also take the name of Bharata, that hero celebrated over the 3 worlds. He also who in the golden age worshipped the gods in a grand Gomedha sacrifice, viz. Rantideva, who was equal to Mahādeva himself, should be named. Gifted with penances, possessed of every kind of good to the world, he was the conqueror of the universe.
tathā śvetaṁ ca rājarṣiṁ kīrtayet paramadyutim
sagarasyātmajā yena plāvitāstāritāstathā
One should also take the name of the royal sage Śveta of illustrious fame. He pleased great Mahādeva and it was for this reason that Andhaka was killed. One should also take the name of the illistrious royal sage Bhagiratha, who through the favour of Mahādeva, succeeded in bringing down the sacred river from celestial region.
hutāśana samānetān mahārūpān mahaujasaḥ
ugrakāyān mahāsattvān kīrtayet kīrtivardhanān
It was Bhagiratha who caused the ashes of 60,000 sons of Sāgara to be washed with the sacred waters of Gaṅgā and thereby rescued them from their sins. Indeed, one should take the names of all these who were gifted with blazing effulgence of fire, great beauty and high energy.
devānṛṣigaṇāṁścaiva nṛpāṁśca jagatīśvarān
sāṁkhyaṁ yogaṁ ca paramaṁ havyaṁ kavyaṁ tathaiva ca
kīrtitaṁ paramaṁ brahma sarvaśrutiparāyaṇam
maṅgalyaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ pavitraṁ bahukīrtitam
vyādhipraśamanaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ pauṣṭikaṁ sarvakarmaṇām
Some of them were of awe in spring forms and gret power. One should take the names of these deities and Ṛṣis and kings, those Lords of the universe, who are multipliers of fame.
Sāṅkhya, Yoga which is highest of the high and Havya and Kavya and that refuge of all the Śrutis, viz. Supreme Brahman, have been declared to be the sources of gret good to all creatures. These are sacred and sin purifying and have been spoken of very highly. These are the forms of medicines for curing diseases and are the givers of success in all deeds.
prayataḥ kīrtayeccaitān kalyaṁ sāyaṁ ca bhārata
ete vai pānti varṣanti bhānti vānti sṛjanti ca
Controlling one ̍s senses one should, O Bhārata, take the names of these, morning and evening. It is these who protect. It is these who shower rain. It is these who shine and give light and heat. It is these who blow. It is these who create all things.
ete vināyakāḥ śreṣṭhā dakṣāḥ śāntā jitendriyāḥ
narāṇāmaśubhaṁ sarve vyapohanti prakīrtitāḥ
These are considered as the foremost of all, as the leaders of the universe, as highly clever in performance of all things, as gifted with forgiveness, as complete masters of the senses. Indeed, it has been said that they remove all the evils to which human beings are subject.
sākṣibhūtā mahātmānaḥ pāpasya sukṛtasya ca
etān vai kalyamutthāya kīrtayañśubhamaśnute
These great ones are the witness of all good and bad deeds. Rising up in the morning one should take their names, for by this one is sure to acquire all that is good.
nāgnicaurabhayaṁ tasya na mārgapratirodhanam
etān kīrtayatāṁ nityaṁ duḥsvapno naśyate nṛṇām
He who takes the names of these, becomes freed from the fear of fires and of thieves. Such a man never finds his way obstructed by any obstacle. By taking the names of these great ones, one becomes free from bad dreams of every kind.
mucyate sarvapāpebhyaḥ svastimāṁśca gṛhān vrajet
dīkṣākāleṣu sarveṣu yaḥ paṭhenniyato dvijaḥ
nyāyavānātmanirataḥ kṣānto dānto ̍nasūyakaḥ
rogārto vyādhiyukto vā paṭhan pāpāt pramucyate
vāstmadhye tu paṭhataḥ kule svastyayanaṁ bhavet
kṣetramadhye tu paṭhataḥ sarve sasyaṁ prarohati
gacchataḥ kṣemamadhvānaṁ grāmāntaragataḥ paṭhan
Purged of every sin, such a men take birth in auspicious families. That twiceborn person who with controlled senses recites these names on occasions of performing initiatory rites of sacrifices and other religious practices, becomes as the outcome thereof gifted with righteousness, devoted to the study of the soul, possessed of forgiveness and self control and free from malice. If a man suffering from disease recites them, he becomes freed from his sins in the form of disease.
ātmanaśca sutānāṁ ca dārāṇāṁ ca dhanasya ca
bījānāmoṣadhīnāṁ ca rakṣāmetāṁ prayojayet
By reciting them within a house, all evils are removed from the inmates. By reciting them within a field, the growth of all kinds of crops is helped.
etān saṁgrāmakāle tu paṭhataḥ kṣtriyasya tu
vrajanti ripavo nāśaṁ kṣemaṁ ca parivartate
etān daive ca pitrye ca paṭhataḥ puruṣasya hi
bhūñjate pitaraḥ kāvyaṁ havyaṁ ca tridivaukasaḥ
na vyādhiśvāpadabhayaṁ na dvipānna hi taskarāt
Reciting them at the time of starting on a journey or while one is away from his home, one meets with good fortune. These names lead to protection of oneself, of his children and wives, of his wealth and of his sees, plants. Kṣatriya who recites these names at the time of joining the battle, sees destruction overtake his enemies and good fortune crown him and his party. Man who recites these names on occasions of performing the rites in honour of the deities or the manes, helps the manes and the deities eat to the sacrificial Havya and Kavya. Man who recites them becomes freed from fear of diseases and beasts of prey, of elephants and thieves.
kaśmalaṁ laghutāṁ yāti pāpmanā ca pramucyate
yānapātre ca yāne ca pravāse gajaveśmani
His burden of anxiety becomes lightened and he becomes freed from every sin. By reciting these excellent Sāvitrī Mantras on the board of a vessel or in a car or in the courts of kings, one acquires high success. There were these Mantras recited, fire does not burn wood.
parāṁ siddhimavāpnoti sāvitrī hyuttamāṁ paṭhan
na ca rājabhayaṁ teṣāṁ na piśācānna rākṣasāt
There children do not die, nor snakes live. Indeed, at such places there can be no fear of the king nor Piśācas and Rākṣasas.
nāgnayambupavanavyālād bhayaṁ tasyopajāyate
Indeed, man who recites these Mantras ceases to have any fear of fire or water of wind or beasts of prey.
caturṇāmapi varṇāmāśramasya viśeṣataḥ
karāti satataṁ śāntiṁ rāvitrīmuttamāṁ paṭhan
These Sāvitrī Mantras, recited duly, bring on the peace and wellbeing of all the 4 castes. Those men who recite them with respect become freed from every sorrow and at last acquire a high end.
nāgnirdahati kāṣṭhāni sāvitrī yatra paṭhyate
na tatra bālo mriyate na ca tiṣṭhanti pannagāḥ
Even these are the results acquired by them who recite these Sāvitrī Mantras which are of the form of Brahman. That man who recites these Mantras in the midst of kine sees his kine become fruitful.
na teṣāṁ vidyate duḥkha gacchanti paramāṁ gatim
ye śṛvanti mahad brahma sāvitrīguṇakīrtanam
gavāṁ madhye tu paṭhato gāvo ̍sya bahuvatsalāḥ
prasthāne vā pravāse vā sarvāvasthāṁ gataḥ paṭhet
Wether when starting on a journey or entering a house or returning, one should recite these Mantras on every occasion. These Mantras form a great mystery of Ṛṣis and are highest of those which they silently recite. Such are these Mantras to them who practice duty of recitation and pour libations on the sacrificial fire.
japatāṁ juhvatāṁ caiva nityaṁ ca prayatātmanām
ṛṣīṇāṁ paramaṁ jatyaṁ guhyametannarādhipa
yāthātathyena siddhasya itihāsaṁ purātanam
parāśaramataṁ divyaṁ śakrāya kathitaṁ purā
This what I have said to you is excellent opinion of Parāśara. It was recited formerly to Śakra himself. Representing, as it does, Truth or Eternal Brahman. I have declared it fully to you.
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